RISK MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN LARGE SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT:A PROJECT MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This study investigates the progressive shift in risk mitigation approaches within large-scale infrastructure projects, moving from traditional, reactive methods to integrated, proactive strategies that leverage advanced technology and address modern project complexities. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of 100 articles was conducted to synthesize recent research on technological innovation, organizational culture, and sustainability in risk management. Findings reveal that tools such as data analytics, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and digital twin technology enable precise, real-time risk monitoring and predictive insights, fostering greater resilience and efficiency. The study also emphasizes the importance of a strong risk-aware culture, where transparent communication and accountability, driven by leadership, play a crucial role in early risk identification and mitigation. Furthermore, the integration of sustainable practices into risk management not only mitigates environmental impacts but also strengthens long-term project resilience by aligning with regulatory and community expectations. The study highlights gaps in current risk frameworks, advocating for adaptable, hybrid models that merge traditional approaches with emerging technologies and sustainability. This comprehensive, forward-looking approach is essential for managing the complex and evolving risks inherent in today’s large-scale infrastructure projects.